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C. WHIPPLE 2 Sheets—Sheet 1
Machine for Shaving Heads of Wood Screws
No . Reissued April 12 1859
N. PETERS. Ph t -LRM1O& Pmr. Washington D. C.
2 Sheets—Sheet 2 C. WHIPPLE.
Machine for Shaving Heads of Wood Screws.
No Reissued April 12 1859
H: PETERS..P....hh gopher. Wachin lon. D. C.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
CULLEN WIIIPPLE OE PROVIDENCE RHODE ISLAND ASSIGNOR TO NEW ENGLAND SCREW COMPANY.
IMPROVEMENT IN MACHINERY FOR MAKING WOOD-SCREWS &C.
Reissue No. dated April 12 1859.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that CULLEN WHIPPLE of the
city and county of Providence in the State of Rhode Island did invent a new and useful Improvement in Machinery for the Manufacture of Wood-Screws of which the following is a full clear and exact description reference being had to the annexed drawings which make part of this specification and in which
Figure 1 represents a side elevation Fig. 2 an end elevation and Fig. 3 a plan of a ma-chine for shaving the heads of wood-screws (complete with the exception of the hopper and its adjuncts ) showing one application of said improvement. Fig. 4 represents on an enlarged scale the mandrel in section together with an elevation of the mechanism connected therewith for holding and liberating and for discharging the blank; and Fig. 5 represents a transverse section through the rear of the mandrel at the line x x of Fig. 1.
In machines designed to dress screw-blanks automatically while fixed in a revolving man-d rel it is important in order to prevent irregu-. larity in the size form and finish of the screws that the mandrel should be free from end motion and therefore free from such end-thrust or wear on the end bearings as will give rise to end motion; and one branch of the said improvement consists of a mechanism for chucking screw-blanks automatically and holding them while being dressed so constructed that the movements concerned in opening or closing the jaws ofthe chuck or in holding them closed shall not produce endwise pressure upon the mandrel while the blank is being operated on by the cutter.
The machine represented in the accompanying drawings consists mainly of a hollow mandrel; of a pair of gripping jaws carried by the mandrel which grasp the blank hold it while being dressed by a cutter and liberate it when dressed; of suitable mechanism to discharge the dressed blank; of a reciprocating tool-holder which carries the tool forward to dress the head of the blank and withdraws it when the head is dressed; of shafts with pulleys cams aid other mechanism to give motion to the several acting members of the machine and of a frame to support the several parts of this mechanism.
The mandrel. has its bearings in puppet-heads B B and the portion of it between the puppet-heads is enlarged and turned into the proper form to act as a pulley for the belt which.gives it motion. The gripping-nippers D D are sup-ported between apair of lugs C' C' that project from the front extremity of the mandrel and are secured there by joint-pins a a which pass through the lugs and the nippers. The shanks D' D' of the nippers are made long to give them considerable elasticity extend to near the rear end of the mandrel and are forced to-ward each other by springs b b to keep the jaws open when not grasping a blank. The jaws are shut by forcing the shanks apart which is effected in this instance by means of a pair of toggles E E diverging from a central block F which has two arms e e that slide in grooves in the mandrel to guide the block. This block forms the head of a bar F' whose axis is in line with that of the mandrel and whose hinder extremity is swiveled to a cross-head F2 between a pair of standards G G' on the hinder extremity of the bench A. The inner sides of these standards have grooves on a level with and parallel to the axis of the mandrel for the cross-head to slide in toward and from the endof the mandrel. The inner extremities of the toggles are seated in sockets in the head F mind their outer extremities in boxes g g in recesses in the hinder extremities of the nipper-shanks. By means of set-screws g' g' in the shanks the boxes g g can be adjusted to make the toggles cause the jaws to approach within a greater or less distance of each other as may be required for gripping blanks of different sizes and with varying degrees of pressure.
Beneath the cross-head Fzau elbow-lever H is pivoted to the bench. This lever is vibrated at intervals and one of its arms entering a slot in the cross-head F2 vibrates it together with the bar F' and the block F. The other arm of the lever enters a slot in the upper extremity of a bar I that slides up and down in suitable guides. The lower extremity of this bar carries an anti-friction wheel h within the range of two revolving cams J J' on the shaftK which alternately elevate and depress it to raise and lower the bar I and to vibrate the lever H.
When the blank has been introduced between the gripping-jaws by the feeding median-
2
ism ( which as itforms no part of the particular improvement secured by this patent need not here be described ) the can J through the bar I and elbow-lever II forces the bar F' and block F forward extending the toggles and thrusting the nipper-shanks apart thereby closing the jaws upon the blank. The movement of' the bar F' is continued until the toggles are pushed slightly beyond a straight line to cause them to rest locked against the stops x x on the shanks D' D' and hold the gripping jaws firmly closed. The relaxation of the grasp of the jaws upon the blank when the toggles are thus beyond a straight line is prevented by the elasticity of the shanks. At this stage of the operation and until the blank is dressed the further exertion of force by or upon the cross-head F2 is suspended. Under this arrangement the whole system of forces concerned in maintaining the hold of the jaws upon the blank (which consists of the mutual actions and reactions of the stops or holdf'asts x x the toggles the shanks and jaws of the 'nippers and the blank) resides and terminates wholly within the mandrel itself and therefore can produce no thrust upon the mandrel tending to force it against its end bearings.
The blank being dressed the cam J' comes into action and through the medium of the bar I and lever H draws the bar F' and block F backward flexing the toggles and allowing the jaws to open and release the blank.
The said improvement has been described as applied to machinery specially adapted to shaving the heads of screw-blanks; but it is evident that it may be applied to machinery for performing other operations in dressing screw-blanks.
Instead of the toggle.levers to open and close the jaws of the gripping-nippers various other known devices maybe used in connection with a suitable holdfast with like effect. These and other modifications of the mechanism if circumstances should render it expedient to make them can readily be carried into practice by skillful mechanicians.
What is claimed under this patent as the invention of the said CULLEN WIIIPPLE is-
1. In combination with a mandrel which carries chuck or gripping-jaws an automatic mechanism for closing said jaws upon the blank keeping them closed to hold the blank while being dressed and then opening them to release the dressed blank arranged and operating in such manner as to leave the mandrel (during the time that the blank is being acted on by the cutter) free from endwise pressure by the chucking mechanism.
2. The combination of toggle levers carried by the mandrel a stop or holdfast also carried by the mandrel to lock and hold the toggle-levers when pushed beyond a straight line and gripping jaws with shanks having sufficient elasticity to maintain a firm hold of the jaws upon the blank when the toggle-levers have passed a straight line substantially as herein set forth.
In testimony whereof the said company has hereunto signed its name and affixed its seal.
NEW ENGLAND SCREW COMPANY . By HENRY L. KENDALL
Agent.
Witnesses:
P. H. WATSON HENRY BALDWIN Jr.